Direction : A number arrangement machine when given an input line of numbers…
2021
Direction : A number arrangement machine when given an input line of numbers rearranges them following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement:
Input:84629 57426 76932 27483 49853 62434
Step I:273 84629 57426 76932 49853 62434
Step II: 53 273 84629 57426 76932 62434
Step III:572 53 273 84629 76932 62434
Step IV:23 572 53 273 84629 76932
Step V:732 23 572 53 273 84629
Step VI:2 732 23 572 53 273
Step VI is the last step of the given arrangement. Based on the given logic, rearrange the given input.
Input: 63825 49857 38679 72548 45328 95763
What is the smallest number in the penultimate step of the given input?
- A.
32
- B.
37
- C.
57
- D.
325
- E.
None of these
Attempted by 1 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Concept
In an input-rearrangement machine, you must first decode the single fixed rule from the worked illustration, then replay it on the new input. Read the illustration as: at every step one source number is consumed and a shorter number is pushed to the front of the line.
The governing rule here: at each step the machine takes the smallest still-unprocessed 5-digit number, keeps only its prime digits (2, 3, 5, 7) in their original left-to-right order, and places that shortened number at the front.
Why this rule (read from the illustration)
Process the original numbers in ascending order and keep only prime digits:
27483 (smallest) keeps 2, 7, 3 → 273
49853 keeps 5, 3 → 53
57426 keeps 5, 7, 2 → 572
62434 keeps 2, 3 → 23
76932 keeps 7, 3, 2 → 732
84629 (largest) keeps 2 → 2
Pushing each result to the front in that order reproduces Step I through Step VI of the illustration exactly, which confirms the rule.
Application to the new input
Input: 63825, 49857, 38679, 72548, 45328, 95763. Ascending order of processing: 38679 < 45328 < 49857 < 63825 < 72548 < 95763. Their prime-digit forms are 37, 532, 57, 325, 725 and 573 respectively. Inserting each at the front step by step:
Step I: 37 63825 49857 72548 45328 95763
Step II: 532 37 63825 49857 72548 95763
Step III: 57 532 37 63825 72548 95763
Step IV: 325 57 532 37 72548 95763
Step V: 725 325 57 532 37 95763
Step VI: 573 725 325 57 532 37
Result
Step VI is the last step, so the penultimate step is Step V: 725, 325, 57, 532, 37, 95763. The smallest number in that line is 37.
Cross-check
In Step V only the largest source number, 95763, is still unconverted (it is processed last, in Step VI). Among the five converted values, the two-digit ones are 57 and 37, and 37 is smaller than 57, so 37 is indeed the minimum of the line.