____ is a sequence of memory read–write operations that are atomic.

Explanation: A memory transaction is a sequence of memory read and write operations that are performed atomically. This means either all operations in the transaction complete successfully and take effect, or none of them do, which preserves consistency when multiple related memory updates must appear indivisible. मेमोरी ट्रांजैक्शन का अर्थ: मेमोरी की रीड–राइट क्रियाओं का ऐसा अनुक्रम जो एटॉमिक रूप से निष्पादित होता है। Atomicity: all operations apply together or none apply.

Used to ensure consistency when several memory updates must not be observed partially.

एटॉमिकिटी: सभी ऑपरेशन एक साथ लागू होते हैं या कोई नहीं।

Why the other terms are incorrect: Critical section object refers to a protected region of code that prevents concurrent access, not an atomic sequence of memory operations.

Adaptive mutex is a synchronization primitive that adapts spinning vs blocking; it is not the term for an atomic memory operation sequence.

Turnstile typically denotes a wait-queue or mechanism used in kernels to manage threads waiting for locks, not an atomic memory transaction.

Correct answer: Memory transaction