Practice Questions

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This video is a comprehensive lecture on sentence completion and grammar, presented by an instructor in a classroom setting. The lecture systematically works through a series of multiple-choice questions, each designed to test a specific grammatical or contextual understanding. The instructor begins with a general introduction to sentence completion, then proceeds to analyze individual questions, explaining the reasoning behind the correct answers. Key topics covered include the use of infinitive phrases to complete sentences logically, the importance of context and meaning in choosing the right word, and the correct application of verb tenses, particularly the present perfect tense. The instructor uses a digital whiteboard to write out explanations, highlight key phrases, and provide definitions for vocabulary words, such as the meanings of phrasal verbs like 'beat out', 'beat up', and 'beat back'. The video concludes with a summary of the key concepts and a final thank you message.

Chapters

1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

   The video opens with a title slide for a 'SENTENCE COMPLETION' exercise, showing a list of eight incomplete sentences. The instructor then introduces the first question, which asks to complete the sentence 'How do you feel when you not only complete that project, but also complete it ahead of the deadline, ________?' with one of four given phrases. The instructor explains that the blank should be filled with a phrase that logically follows the action of completing a project early, emphasizing the need for a meaningful and grammatically correct completion.

2. 2:00 – 5:00 02:00-05:00

   The instructor analyzes the first question, discussing the four options. He eliminates options A, B, and D, explaining that they are either irrelevant or do not fit the context. Option A ('to grow up as a constructive and productive individual') is dismissed as it's a long-term goal, not a direct result. Option B ('to grab every opportunity that comes your way') is considered irrelevant to the specific action of completing a project. Option D ('to have some free time for yourself') is also rejected. The instructor then identifies Option C ('to great critical acclaim of your bosses') as the correct answer, explaining that the reason for completing a project early is to gain recognition from superiors, which is a logical and grammatically sound completion.

3. 5:00 – 10:00 05:00-10:00

   The instructor moves to the second question, which asks to complete the sentence 'Individuals sense the injustice in daily life, in things like the freedom of speech, when someone is deprived of their right ________.' He evaluates the options, eliminating A and B because they are positive and do not fit the context of injustice. Option C ('to say their point of view, they feel oppressed and unwanted') is identified as the correct answer, as it logically follows the theme of injustice and deprivation of rights. The instructor then transitions to the third question, which is about Japan's energy policy since 1973, asking to complete the sentence 'Since 1973, Japan has been looking to become less dependent on imported fuel and start to ________.' He eliminates options A, B, and C, explaining that they are illogical or irrelevant. Option D ('depend on nuclear energy') is chosen as the correct answer, as it is a logical and historically accurate way for Japan to reduce its dependence on imported fuel.

4. 10:00 – 15:00 10:00-15:00

   The instructor presents the third question, which is about Japan's energy policy. He explains that the sentence is about Japan becoming less dependent on imported fuel. He eliminates options A, B, and C, stating that they are illogical or irrelevant. Option A ('employ more people in the domestic industry') is not a direct solution to fuel dependency. Option B ('generate its own brands for betterment') is irrelevant. Option C ('export its own produced fuel') is illogical as Japan is a net importer. Option D ('depend on nuclear energy') is the correct answer, as it is a logical and historically accurate way for Japan to reduce its dependence on imported fuel. The instructor then moves to the fourth question, which asks to complete the sentence 'It is tempting to seek silver bullet solutions based on complicated data, but the answer is ________.' He evaluates the options, eliminating A, B, and C, and identifies D as the correct answer, explaining that the answer is the hard work of going out to communities, mapping exclusions, and building systems.

5. 15:00 – 20:00 15:00-20:00

   The instructor presents the fourth question, which asks to complete the sentence 'It is tempting to seek silver bullet solutions based on complicated data, but the answer is ________.' He evaluates the options, eliminating A, B, and C. Option A ('Also critical to building capacities in people, civil society and the government to understand') is a fragment. Option B ('Biometric identities can play a significant role in moving the debate forward on this') is a statement, not a completion. Option C ('Migratory nature of informal settlements is hard to capture') is irrelevant. Option D ('In the hard work of going out to communities, mapping exclusions, and building systems that account for this') is the correct answer, as it logically completes the sentence and provides a meaningful alternative to seeking quick fixes. The instructor then moves to the fifth question, which is about the fair rent for a residential building.

6. 20:00 – 25:00 20:00-25:00

   The instructor presents the fifth question, which asks to complete the sentence 'The fair rent for a residential building is a percentage (9 per cent) of the total value of the building which consists of the market value for a portion of the land, ________.' He evaluates the options, eliminating A, B, and C. Option A ('even the landlord will be entitled to approach a Rent Control Court to fix fair rent for the building during the term of the rental agreement') is a fragment. Option B ('such fair rent is greater than the existing rent, then despite the contractual understanding, will be required to pay the fair rent fixed by Court') is a fragment. Option C ('under law and as decided in numerous judgments, it is unlawful for a landlord to disconnect essential services such as electricity and water or restrict a tenant from using common amenities for recovery of rental dues or other reasons') is a fragment. Option D ('cost of construction (as per rates fixed by the Public Works Department) and value of amenities (subject to a maximum of 15 per cent of the cost of the site) but subject to depreciation, depending on the age of the building') is the correct answer, as it logically completes the sentence and provides a detailed explanation of the components of the building's total value.

7. 25:00 – 30:00 25:00-30:00

   The instructor presents the sixth question, which asks to complete the sentence 'His neighbors found his ________ manner bossy and irritating, and they stopped inviting him to backyard barbeques.' He evaluates the options, eliminating C and D. Option C ('respiratory') is incorrect as it relates to breathing. Option D ('restorative') is incorrect as it means having the ability to restore health. Option A ('insentient') is incorrect as it means incapable of feeling or understanding. Option B ('magisterial') is the correct answer, as it means having or showing great authority, which fits the context of a bossy and irritating manner. The instructor then provides definitions for the other options to reinforce the correct answer.

8. 30:00 – 35:00 30:00-35:00

   The instructor presents the seventh question, which asks to complete the sentence 'I'm sorry the house is not available any longer. It ________ to a timber tycoon.' He evaluates the options, eliminating A, B, and C. Option A ('was being sold') is incorrect as it is in the past continuous tense. Option B ('will be sold') is incorrect as it is in the future tense. Option C ('is sold') is incorrect as it is in the simple present tense. Option D ('has been sold') is the correct answer, as it is in the present perfect tense, which is used to describe a past action that has a connection to the present. The instructor then explains the difference between 'has been' and 'have been' and provides examples to illustrate the correct usage.

9. 35:00 – 40:00 35:00-40:00

   The instructor explains the difference between 'has been' and 'have been', both of which are in the present perfect tense. He states that 'has been' is used in the third-person singular, while 'have been' is used for first- and second-person singular and all plural uses. He provides examples such as 'I have a girlfriend', 'He has a party', and 'We have a party' to illustrate the correct usage. He then moves to the eighth question, which asks to complete the sentence 'It is not easy to beat ________ a swarm of wasps if they attack you.' He evaluates the options, eliminating A, B, C, and D, and identifies E ('back') as the correct answer, explaining that 'beat back' means to force someone who is attacking to retreat.

10. 40:00 – 45:00 40:00-45:00

    The instructor presents the eighth question, which asks to complete the sentence 'It is not easy to beat ________ a swarm of wasps if they attack you.' He evaluates the options, eliminating A ('out'), B ('up'), C ('down'), and D ('off'). He explains that 'beat out' means to produce a loud rhythmic sound or extinguish flames, 'beat up' means to assault or injure, 'beat down' means to fall hard or radiate intense heat, and 'beat off' means to win against a challenge or rival. He identifies E ('back') as the correct answer, explaining that 'beat back' means to force someone who is attacking to retreat, which fits the context of defending against a swarm of wasps. The instructor then provides a visual aid of a swarm of wasps to illustrate the concept.

11. 45:00 – 45:53 45:00-45:53

    The video concludes with a final slide that displays the text 'THANKS FOR WATCHING' over a blue, abstract background with mathematical formulas. The instructor has finished explaining the last question and the video ends with this closing message.

This video provides a comprehensive and structured lesson on sentence completion and grammar. The instructor systematically guides the viewer through a series of challenging questions, demonstrating a clear methodology for solving them. The core of the lesson revolves around understanding context, logical reasoning, and grammatical correctness. The instructor emphasizes that the correct answer must not only be grammatically sound but also make sense in the context of the sentence. He uses a variety of techniques, including eliminating incorrect options, providing definitions for vocabulary, and explaining the nuances of verb tenses and phrasal verbs. The video is highly educational, offering practical strategies for tackling similar questions in exams, and reinforces learning through clear explanations and visual aids.