All men are vertebrates. Some mammals are vertebrates. Which of the following…

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All men are vertebrates. Some mammals are vertebrates. Which of the following conclusions drawn from the above statement is correct?

  1. A.

    All men are mammals

  2. B.

    All mammals are men

  3. C.

    Some vertebrates are mammals.

  4. D.

    All are correct

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Correct answer: C

Answer: Some vertebrates are mammals.

Given premises:

  • All men are vertebrates.

  • Some mammals are vertebrates.

Reasoning:

  • From 'Some mammals are vertebrates' there exists at least one animal that is both a mammal and a vertebrate. This directly implies 'Some vertebrates are mammals.'

  • 'All men are vertebrates' does not provide any information that men are mammals. Therefore 'All men are mammals' cannot be concluded from the premises.

  • 'Some mammals are vertebrates' does not imply that every mammal is a man. Thus 'All mammals are men' is not supported.

  • Therefore, only the statement 'Some vertebrates are mammals' follows from the given premises.

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