In the following passage, some of the words / sentences have been left out,…
2026
In the following passage, some of the words / sentences have been left out, each of which is indicated by a letter. Find the suitable word / sentence from the options given against each letter and fill up the blanks with appropriate words / sentences to make the paragraph meaningful.
The layer of ozone helps _____ 1 _____ the harmful ultraviolet rays away from entering the Earth’s atmosphere. Ozone layer depletion over the years has _____ 2 _____ in ozone hole formation through which harmful radiations can now enter the atmosphere. Ozone layer depletion has many _____ 3 _____ effects including cancer risks. These wavelengths can harm plants and animals and also cause skin cancer, sunburn, and cataracts in humans. The problem is very _____ 4 _____ indeed and has rightly generated global concern. These concerns led to the _____ 5 _____ of the Montreal Protocol in the year 1987. This protocol bans the production of ozone-depleting chemicals like CFCs and halons. Ozone depletion refers to a steady _____ 6 _____ in the total amount of ozone present in the Earth’s atmosphere or the ozone layer. It can also be described as a much larger decrease in stratospheric ozone around the polar regions of the Earth. The second phenomenon is termed as the ozone hole. In addition to these stratospheric events, there are also springtime polar tropospheric ozone depletion events. _____ 7 _____ . These compounds enter the stratosphere after being emitted at the surface where these compounds release halogen atoms by a process called photo dissociation. _____ 8 _____ . The main cause of ozone layer depletion is the indiscriminate use of CFCs, which are chlorine-based substances. These are widely used in several manufacturing plants, refrigerants and aerosols. _____ 9 _____ . Just one atom of chlorine can destroy around 100, 000 molecules of ozone. Wind blows the CFCs up into the stratosphere. Ozone molecules are already unstable. The chlorine atoms in the CFCs react with the ozone molecules, which break down resulting in the formation of an oxygen molecule and a single free-floating oxygen atom. _____ 10 _____ . However, chlorine in other places such as swimming pools does not pose any danger.
Find the appropriate word in case 9
(question no 6 till 15 are linked together )
- A.
These are man-made substances and hence human beings should suffer from the ill effects of such deeds.
- B.
Man-made diseases are very difficult to cure since the reasons are mainly related to the habits of human beings.
- C.
Human beings do not know how to clean the environment and that is why they should not be given the right to live in it.
- D.
When released into the air, these have a very damaging effect on the ozone layer.
Attempted by 3 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
In a logical/connective cloze test, the missing sentence must preserve coherence with both the sentence immediately before it and the sentence immediately after it: any pronoun in the candidate sentence must point back to a clear antecedent already introduced, and the sentence must continue the same register and subject matter as the surrounding text rather than switching to an unrelated topic or a moral judgment.
The sentence before blank 9 introduces CFCs and lists where they are used — manufacturing plants, refrigerants, and aerosols. The sentence after blank 9 explains how chlorine atoms released from CFCs go on to destroy ozone molecules. The statement 'When released into the air, these have a very damaging effect on the ozone layer' uses 'these' to point back to the CFCs just named, and its claim about damage to the ozone layer leads directly into the following sentence about chlorine destroying ozone — so it bridges the two sentences exactly.
The statement that human beings 'should suffer from the ill effects of such deeds' passes a moral judgment on people; it does not connect the CFC-use sentence to the chlorine-ozone sentence that follows.
The statement about man-made diseases being difficult to cure shifts the passage onto human habits and disease, a different subject from the CFC-to-ozone chemistry being traced through this section.
The statement that human beings 'should not be given the right to live in' the environment is again a moral judgment about people, not a link between the CFC-use sentence and the chlorine-ozone sentence.
Because only the statement about CFCs' release damaging the ozone layer continues the technical cause-and-effect chain — from where CFCs are used, to their release, to their damaging effect on the ozone layer, to the chlorine-ozone reaction — without shifting into a moral judgment or an unrelated topic, it is the sentence that belongs in blank 9.