In the following passage, some of the words / sentences have been left out,…
2025
In the following passage, some of the words / sentences have been left out, each of which is indicated by a letter. Find the suitable word / sentence from the options given against each letter and fill up the blanks with appropriate words / sentences to make the paragraph meaningful.
The layer of ozone helps _____ 1 _____ the harmful ultraviolet rays away from entering the Earth’s atmosphere. Ozone layer depletion over the years has _____ 2 _____ in ozone hole formation through which harmful radiations can now enter the atmosphere. Ozone layer depletion has many _____ 3 _____ effects including cancer risks. These wavelengths can harm plants and animals and also cause skin cancer, sunburn, and cataracts in humans. The problem is very _____ 4 _____ indeed and has rightly generated global concern. These concerns led to the _____ 5 _____ of the Montreal Protocol in the year 1987. This protocol bans the production of ozone-depleting chemicals like CFCs and halons. Ozone depletion refers to a steady _____ 6 _____ in the total amount of ozone present in the Earth’s atmosphere or the ozone layer. It can also be described as a much larger decrease in stratospheric ozone around the polar regions of the Earth. The second phenomenon is termed as the ozone hole. In addition to these stratospheric events, there are also springtime polar tropospheric ozone depletion events. _____ 7 _____ . These compounds enter the stratosphere after being emitted at the surface where these compounds release halogen atoms by a process called photo dissociation. _____ 8 _____ . The main cause of ozone layer depletion is the indiscriminate use of CFCs, which are chlorine-based substances. These are widely used in several manufacturing plants, refrigerants and aerosols. _____ 9 _____ . Just one atom of chlorine can destroy around 100, 000 molecules of ozone. Wind blows the CFCs up into the stratosphere. Ozone molecules are already unstable. The chlorine atoms in the CFCs react with the ozone molecules, which break down resulting in the formation of an oxygen molecule and a single free-floating oxygen atom. _____ 10 _____ . However, chlorine in other places such as swimming pools does not pose any danger.
Find the appropriate word in case 2.
( Question no. 6 till 15 are linked together )
- A.
Restricted
- B.
Yielded
- C.
Functioned
- D.
Resulted
Attempted by 7 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
In collocation-based cloze items, certain verbs pair with a specific preposition to show a cause producing an effect — the fixed phrase “result in” is the standard formal-English way of saying that one event directly leads to or brings about another (e.g., “The accident resulted in heavy losses”).
Here the blank sits between “has _____” and “in ozone hole formation,” and the sentence is describing years of ozone layer depletion as the cause that produces the ozone hole as its effect. Only “resulted” completes the fixed phrase “resulted in” correctly, giving “depletion … has resulted in ozone hole formation” — exactly the cause-to-effect meaning the sentence needs.
Reading the completed sentence against the sentences that follow it confirms the fit: the passage goes on to describe the harmful radiation that enters through the hole and the health effects that follow — a chain of cause and effect that only holds together if the ozone hole is presented as the result of depletion.
“Restricted” means to limit or hold something back — the opposite of the sentence's need — and “restricted in” is not a recognised way of expressing that one thing caused another.
“Yielded” ordinarily collocates with “to” (yielded to pressure) or takes a direct object (yielded a result); it does not combine with “in” to state that one process caused a later outcome.
“Functioned” describes how something operates or behaves (functioned normally, functioned as a barrier); it does not express that something produced a result, so it cannot be followed by “in ozone hole formation” with a causal meaning.