Direction: In the following question below are given some statements followed…

CONCEPT: A statement of the form 'Some A are B' can always be reversed to 'Some B are A' — this is the valid rule of conversion for particular affirmative statements, because 'some' only asserts at least one shared member, and shared membership works the same way in both directions.

However, when two particular ('some') statements share only a common middle term, no conclusion can be validly drawn about the two end terms — this is a standard syllogism rule: two particular premises never yield a definite conclusion.

1. Statement II says 'Some mornings are nights.' By the conversion rule above, this can be restated as 'Some nights are mornings' — so this conclusion follows directly and does not depend on Statement I at all.

2. Now consider linking evenings and nights through the common term 'mornings' using Statement I ('Some evenings are mornings') and Statement II ('Some mornings are nights').

3. Both statements are particular ('some') statements, and two particular statements sharing only a middle term never establish a guaranteed link between the end terms — the shared morning-members in each statement need not be the same members.

• A valid arrangement can be drawn where the evening-morning overlap and the morning-night overlap occupy two different parts of the morning group, leaving evenings and nights completely separate — this satisfies both statements while making the evening-night conclusion false, proving it is not guaranteed.

• No such counter-arrangement can be drawn against the mornings-nights reversal, because it just restates the exact same members the statement already asserts overlap.

Result: only the reversal of Statement II holds in every possible case; the evening-night link is not guaranteed in every case, so only conclusion (II) follows.