If water is called food, food is called tree, tree is called earth, and earth…

Concept

In renaming-based coding, the real properties of objects do not change; only the labels used for those objects change.

First identify the real object from the stated fact. Then replace its ordinary name with the coded name assigned directly to it, without repeatedly following the chain.

Application

1. Fruit grows on a tree in the ordinary sense.

2. The statement assigns the coded name “earth” directly to “tree”.

3. Therefore, the thing on which fruit grows is called “earth” in this code.

Contrast

• Water is assigned the coded name “food”; this pair concerns the real object water.

• Tree is used as the coded name of food and as the original term in the next renaming pair.

• World is assigned as the coded name of earth, one step after the required direct renaming.

Cross-check

Replacing the real object “tree” once gives “earth”. Continuing from “earth” to “world” would incorrectly treat the new label as if it were the original object.

Result: Earth.