The letters in the first set have certain relationship. On the basis of this…
2010
The letters in the first set have certain relationship. On the basis of this relationship, make the right choice for the second set :
AF : IK : : LQ : ?
Answer: D. TV — ConceptIn a letter analogy of the form first pair : second pair :: third pair : ?, every letter is first replaced by its position in the English alphabet (A =…
- A.
MO
- B.
NP
- C.
OR
- D.
TV
Attempted by 1 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
Concept
In a letter analogy of the form first pair : second pair :: third pair : ?, every letter is first replaced by its position in the English alphabet (A = 1, B = 2, ... , Z = 26).
The relationship between two paired terms is then described by two independent rules: the term-wise shift that carries each letter of one pair onto the letter holding the same place in the other pair, and the internal gap between the two letters inside a single pair.
The fourth term is the pair that reproduces the same term-wise shift and the same internal-gap pattern that the first two terms display.
Application
Write the given letters as alphabet positions: A = 1 and F = 6; I = 9 and K = 11; L = 12 and Q = 17.
Compare the first term with the second, place by place: the leading letter moves from position 1 to position 9, a shift of +8; the trailing letter moves from position 6 to position 11, a shift of +5.
Apply the identical shifts to the third term, because the analogy asserts that the same relationship holds: 12 + 8 = 20 for the leading letter, and 17 + 5 = 22 for the trailing letter.
Convert the two positions back into letters: position 20 is T and position 22 is V, so the fourth term is TV.
Cross-check
The internal-gap pattern gives a consistency check on the pair obtained above.
Term | Positions | Internal gap |
|---|---|---|
A F | 1 and 6 | 5 |
I K | 9 and 11 | 2 |
L Q | 12 and 17 | 5 |
T V | 20 and 22 | 2 |
L Q carries an internal gap of 5, exactly as A F does, so the term completing the analogy should carry an internal gap of 2, exactly as I K does; T and V are two positions apart, so the gap pattern is satisfied. On its own this check is not a derivation, because more than one two-letter pair has a gap of 2 - the place-wise shifts of +8 and +5 are what fix the term uniquely, and the gap only confirms that the result is consistent.
Contrast
M O stands at positions 13 and 15, so reaching it from L Q would require shifts of +1 and -2 instead of +8 and +5.
N P stands at positions 14 and 16, so reaching it from L Q would require shifts of +2 and -1.
O R stands at positions 15 and 18, so reaching it from L Q would require shifts of +3 and +1, and its internal gap of 3 does not match the gap of 2 shown by I K.
Applying the same relationship that links A F to I K, the term that completes L Q is TV.