Which Act transferred the government of India from the East India Company to…

Concept

Constitutional legislation can be identified by the authority it reorganizes: Company-era Acts regulated or centralized the East India Company's administration, whereas a Crown-transfer Act replaced Company rule with direct imperial control.

The decisive test is whether the measure vested Indian territories and governmental powers in the British Crown and created a Secretary of State for India.

Application

1. The Regulating Act, 1773 introduced parliamentary supervision and reorganized the Company's administration in Bengal; it did not transfer the government of India to the Crown.

2. Pitt's India Act, 1784 created the Board of Control alongside the Company's Court of Directors, producing the dual system of control rather than ending it.

3. The Charter Act, 1833 ended the Company's commercial activities and centralized legislative authority, but the Company continued to administer India.

4. The Government of India Act, 1858 vested the Company's Indian territories and governmental powers in the Crown and placed administration under a Secretary of State for India in Council.

Cross-check

Section 1 of the 1858 Act transfers the government of the Company's territories to Her Majesty; this directly matches both parts of the question.

Result

Therefore, the required legislation is the Government of India Act, 1858.