Which intervention is advocated when learning failures are attributed to…

Concept

The social model of disability locates disablement in barriers created by environments, institutions, and practices rather than treating the learner's impairment as the sole cause of difficulty.

In education, it therefore calls for accessible resources, inclusive settings, and flexible teaching so that the learning environment accommodates learner diversity.

Application

The stated causes are inaccessible materials, illustrated by the absence of Braille, and rigid teaching styles. Both are barriers in the educational environment, so the appropriate response is to change those barriers through a social-model intervention.

Contrast

• Segregated instruction changes where a learner is taught by placing learners in separate settings; it does not primarily remove barriers in the shared learning environment.

• A medicalized solution focuses on diagnosis, treatment, or remediation of the individual; it frames the difficulty mainly as a condition within the learner.

• An individualized curriculum adapts learning goals or content for one learner; it is narrower than reforming materials and teaching practices for inclusive access.

Cross-check

If accessible formats and flexible pedagogy are provided, the identified causes are directly reduced without requiring segregation or medical treatment. Therefore, a social-model intervention is the best-supported answer.