The concept of curriculum development excludes:

Answer: International considerations are excluded.

Key idea: Curriculum development is mainly concerned with meeting national, societal, and family needs.

• Family aspirations: Families are stakeholders whose expectations shape educational aims and relevance of the curriculum.

• Societal goals: Curricula reflect society's needs—economic, cultural, and civic—and prepare learners to participate effectively.

• National goals: National policies, standards, and developmental priorities are central to designing curriculum frameworks and objectives.

Why international considerations are excluded from the core concept:

International considerations can inform and influence curriculum design (for example, by providing comparative practices or global perspectives), but the fundamental concept of curriculum development emphasizes alignment with the local national context, societal needs, and family expectations. Therefore, international factors are typically secondary influences rather than a core component.

Conclusion: The correct choice is international considerations because they are not part of the core elements of curriculum development, although they may play an informative role.