Which of the following is correct about sound? I. Large amplitude – Loud sound…

Loudness and pitch are governed by two different, independent properties of a sound wave. The amplitude — how far the vibrating particles swing from their rest position — decides the loudness: a wave with a larger amplitude carries more energy and is perceived as a louder sound. The frequency — the number of vibrations per second — decides the pitch: a higher frequency is perceived as a higher, sharper pitch, while a lower frequency is perceived as a lower, duller pitch.

• Statement I says large amplitude produces a loud sound — this is exactly the amplitude-loudness relationship, so Statement I holds.

• Statement II says high frequency produces a low pitch — this reverses the frequency-pitch relationship, since a higher frequency actually produces a higher pitch, so Statement II does not hold.

This can be checked with everyday examples: a mosquito's wings vibrate at a high frequency and are heard as a high-pitched whine, while a bass drum vibrates at a low frequency and is heard as a low-pitched thud — pitch tracks frequency directly, never inversely, confirming the reasoning above.

So, Statement I is true and Statement II is false.