Which physical quantity is obtained by the ratio of momentum and velocity of…

Momentum of a moving body is defined as the product of its mass and its velocity, expressed by the identity p = m x v, where m is the mass and v is the velocity. This identity holds for any moving object, independent of its particular mass or speed.

1. Start from the momentum identity, p = m x v.

2. Divide both sides by the velocity v: p / v = (m x v) / v = m, since the velocity terms cancel.

3. So dividing the momentum of the matter by its velocity returns the quantity mass.

This also checks out dimensionally: momentum carries the unit kg.m/s while velocity carries the unit m/s. Dividing kg.m/s by m/s cancels the m/s term and leaves kg, the SI unit of mass -- confirming the same result independently.