In this phase of the systems life cycle, the new
In which phase of the systems life cycle is the new information system installed, the organisation adapted to the new system, and people trained to use it?
Answer: A. Systems implementation — Concept: The systems life cycle splits system building into ordered phases, and each phase is identified by the deliverable it hands over rather than by the…
- A.
Systems implementation
- B.
Systems analysis
- C.
Systems design
- D.
Systems development
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Correct answer: A
Concept: The systems life cycle splits system building into ordered phases, and each phase is identified by the deliverable it hands over rather than by the people working in it. Investigation hands over an agreed statement of requirements, blueprint work hands over technical specifications, construction hands over tested programs, and the changeover phase hands over an organisation that is actually running its daily work on the new system. Installing software in the live environment, converting existing data, adjusting working procedures and preparing staff all belong to that last, changeover deliverable, because none of them can be produced until a tested system already exists.
Application: The stem names three activities: the new information system is installed, the organisation is adapted to the new system, and people are trained to use it. None of these produces requirements, a design specification or program code; all three assume the programs are already built and tested, and all three are about moving the organisation onto the finished system. So the phase asked for is the changeover phase of the life cycle, which is systems implementation.
Contrast: The four phases offered, by what each one hands over:
Phase | What the phase hands over |
|---|---|
Systems analysis | A study of the present system and an agreed requirements specification stating what the new system must do. |
Systems design | A technical blueprint built from those requirements: file and database layouts, input screens, output reports and program specifications. |
Systems development | Programs coded from the design specifications, then unit-tested and system-tested to confirm that they behave as the specification requires. |
Systems implementation | The tested system placed into live operational use: installation, data conversion, procedure changes and trained users. |
Cross-check: Apply the deliverable test in reverse and the order of the life cycle confirms the same reading. Training cannot happen before working programs exist, and data cannot be converted into a system that has not been coded, so the described activities must sit after construction, not before it. Equally, the stem mentions no fact-finding, no layouts or specifications, and no coding or testing, which is what the earlier phases would have handed over.
Result: The phase in which the new information system is installed, the organisation is adapted to it and users are trained is systems implementation.