Landes (1969) considers the industrial revolution as the outcome of a…

David Landes, in his 1969 analysis of the Industrial Revolution, identifies three specific interrelated streams of technical advances that drove this historical transformation. These streams are: the mechanization of production processes, the adoption of new power sources (such as steam and water), and the extensive use of new raw materials like iron and cotton. Option C is the correct answer because 'modification of equipments to make human life easy' is a broad, modern interpretation of technological progress rather than one of the specific historical categories Landes defined. Options A, B, and D directly correspond to his three identified streams: mechanization, new power sources, and new raw materials. Therefore, Option C is the only choice that does not fit Landes' specific framework for understanding the technical drivers of the Industrial Revolution.