Which of the following technologies is used in second generation of computer?

Answer: Transistors

Explanation:

• Second-generation computers used transistors instead of vacuum tubes.

• Why transistors? They are smaller, more reliable, consume less power, and produce less heat compared with vacuum tubes.

• Context on other technologies:

• Vacuum tubes: characteristic of first-generation computers (1940s–1950s).

• Integrated circuits: introduced in third-generation computers; they integrate many transistors on a single chip.

• VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration): used in later generations to put thousands or millions of transistors on a chip, enabling modern microprocessors.