If the number of employees in the Sales department increases by 25% in the…

Concept. In a percentage-distribution table every listed share refers to one and the same total workforce. So a single department whose head-count and share are both known fixes that total: total = known head-count ÷ its share. Any other department's head-count is then its own share × total, and an increase of p% multiplies a head-count by (1 + p/100).

Applying it here.

1. The table gives Marketing a 14% share, and the stem states that Marketing has 560 employees.

2. Total number of employees = 560 ÷ 0.14 = 4000.

3. Sales is listed at 16%, so Sales currently has 0.16 × 4000 = 640 employees.

4. A 25% increase multiplies the current count by 1.25, so next year Sales has 640 × 1.25 = 800 employees.

Cross-check. 25% of 640 is 160, and 640 + 160 = 800. Equivalently, 16% × 1.25 = 20%, and 20% of this year's total of 4000 employees is again 800. (That 20% is measured against this year's total of 4000; the company's overall head-count for next year is not given.)

Answer: 800 employees.