Read the following passage and answer questions from questions 46 to 50: The…
2022
Read the following passage and answer questions from questions 46 to 50:
The conceptions and treatment of poverty were quite different before 1940. In colonial times the concern with poverty was conditioned by the belief that even if the natives could be somewhat enlightened by the presence of the coloniser, not much could be done about their poverty. It was because their economic development was pointless. The natives’ capacity for science and technology, the basis for economic progress, was seen as nil. However, within Asian, African and Latin or Native American societies, vernacular societies had developed ways of defining and treating poverty that accommodated visions of community, frugality, and sufficiency. It is true that massive poverty in the modern sense appeared only when the spread of market economy broke down the communities. As a result, it deprived millions of people from access to land, water and other resources. With the consolidation of market economy, systemic issues became inevitable.
It is important to know the break that occurred in the conceptions and management of poverty first with the emergence of capitalism in Europe, and later with the advent of development in the Third world. The first break is described in terms of the advent in the nineteenth century of systems for dealing with the poor, based on assistance provided by impersonal institutions. Philanthropy occupied an important place in this transition. The transformation of the poor into the assisted had a profound consequence. The modernisation of poverty invariably affected vernacular relations.
The market economy was responsible for
Answer: B. Massive poverty — Concept In a reading-comprehension cause-and-effect question, identify the event presented as the cause and trace the consequence stated by the passage. The…
- A.
Increased access to resources
- B.
Massive poverty
- C.
Enlightened development
- D.
Idealisation of tradition
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Concept
In a reading-comprehension cause-and-effect question, identify the event presented as the cause and trace the consequence stated by the passage.
The answer must come from the passage's explicit causal link, not from outside assumptions about whether the consequence seems desirable.
Application
Locate the causal sentence: the spread of the market economy broke down communities.
Follow its stated consequence: modern forms of widespread deprivation appeared, and millions lost access to land, water, and other resources.
Match that consequence with the offered value: massive poverty.
Contrast
Increased access to resources reverses the passage, which describes loss of access to resources.
Enlightened development belongs to the earlier colonial belief discussed in the passage, not to the stated consequence of the market economy.
Idealisation of tradition is not presented as an effect of the market economy; the passage only describes vernacular arrangements around community, frugality, and sufficiency.
Cross-check
Completing the stem as ‘The market economy was responsible for massive poverty’ restates the passage's cause-and-effect chain: community breakdown and loss of resources produced modern massive poverty.
Therefore, the market economy was responsible for massive poverty.