To end both mass poverty and political uncertainty, the newly liberated…
2022
To end both mass poverty and political uncertainty, the newly liberated nations required economic development. Rapid economic growth was required not only to raise living standards, but also to sustain a spirit of national solidarity. Such was the broadly accepted consensus, which, however, admitted of variations in policies adopted or rejected by post-colonial governments. Where communists were in charge, there was a push to nationalise industries and eliminate private sector production units. In agriculture, family farms were discouraged. Yet even in non-communist countries the state assumed a predominant role in industrial production. Yet agriculture remained in private hands. Some countries left feudal systems of landholding intact; others gave ownership rights to tenants or sharecroppers. There were also variations on the question of international trade and capital flows. Some countries rigorously protected their own industries from external competition, erecting high tariff barriers. Others adopted a more flexible trade regime, selectively permitting foreign goods and capital into their territory. An important factor in the history of modern Asian nations is that of foreign policy. Countries governed by communist parties were allied with the Soviet Union, while other Asian countries allied with the United States. The latter were attracted by Western financial and technical aid. Yet other countries chose to strike out on a path of non-alignment, choosing not to closely identify with either the Russians or the Americans.
In communist regimes, the aims of their core policy were to
(A) Eliminate the private sector
(B) Support family farms
(C) Accept different politico-economic initiatives
(D) Nationalise the industries
Choose the correct option given below
Answer: C. (A) and (D) — ConceptIn passage-based comprehension, the answer must be derived from what the passage explicitly states, not from outside assumptions. A statement counts…
- A.
(A) and (B)
- B.
(B) and (C)
- C.
(A) and (D)
- D.
(C) and (A)
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Concept
In passage-based comprehension, the answer must be derived from what the passage explicitly states, not from outside assumptions. A statement counts only when the passage presents it as part of the category asked about.
For a combination question, classify each labelled statement separately, then retain only the combination in which every included statement belongs to the requested category.
Application
The passage says that where communists governed, there was a push to eliminate private-sector production units and to nationalise industries. It also says that family farms were discouraged, so supporting family farms is not a stated aim. Policy variation is described across post-colonial governments generally, not as a core communist aim.
Contrast
(A) and (B) includes elimination of private-sector production, but it also includes support for family farms, which the passage says were discouraged.
(B) and (C) combines support for family farms with general policy variation; neither is presented as a core communist aim in the passage.
(A) and (D) combines the two measures explicitly assigned to communist regimes: elimination of private-sector production units and nationalisation of industries.
(C) and (A) includes elimination of private-sector production, but policy variation is discussed as a broader post-colonial pattern rather than a core communist aim.
Result
Therefore, the passage supports the combination (A) and (D).