More productive employment demands :

Concept: In a passage-based question that asks what an outcome "demands" or "requires", the answer is the enabling condition the passage itself names — the factor the text states as the means by which that outcome is brought about. Such a question is settled by locating the sentence that carries this relation in the text, not by judging which choice sounds most plausible in general.

Application: The passage states that technological strengths are the key to creating more productive employment in an increasingly competitive market place and to continually upgrading human skills, and it adds that without a pervasive use of technologies the overall development of the people cannot be achieved in the years to come. Among the ideas placed before us, the pervasive use of technology is the one the passage puts forward as the way those technological strengths are actually brought to bear.

Cross-check — how the passage treats the other ideas:

• Competitive market place: the passage describes it as increasingly competitive and treats it as the setting in which employment has to be created; it proposes no narrowing of that market.

• Geo-political considerations: they appear where the passage notes that India's strength in a number of core areas keeps it in a position of reasonable strength in the geo-political context, which is a statement of standing rather than of how employment is created.

• Large industries: the passage states that India cannot succeed on the strength of turnkey projects designed and built abroad or only through large-scale imports of plant, machinery, equipment and know-how.

Result: More productive employment demands the pervasive use of technology — the passage names technological strengths as the key to such employment, and treats their pervasive application as the input without which development in the coming years cannot follow.