Which of the following sequences of research steps is nearer to scientific…
2018
Which of the following sequences of research steps is nearer to scientific method ?
- A.
Suggested solution of the problem, Deducing the consequences of the solution, Perceiving the problem situation, Location of the difficulty and testing the solutions.
- B.
Perceiving the problem situation, Locating the actual problem and its definition, Hypothesizing, Deducing the consequences of the suggested solution and Testing the hypothesis in action.
- C.
Defining a problem, Identifying the causes of the problem, Defining a population, Drawing a sample, Collecting data and Analysing results.
- D.
Identifying the causal factors, Defining the problem, Developing a hypothesis, Selecting a sample, Collecting data and arriving at generalizations and Conclusions.
Attempted by 23 students.
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Correct answer: B, C
The scientific method is a logical, systematic process of inquiry. Option (3) outlines this process most accurately:
Perceiving the problem situation: First, a researcher observes a phenomenon or encounters a difficulty that needs explanation.
Locating the actual problem and its definition: The researcher then narrows down this general observation into a specific, clear, and researchable problem.
Hypothesizing: A testable explanation or a potential solution (a hypothesis) is proposed.
Deducing the consequences of the suggested solution: The researcher thinks, "If this hypothesis is true, what should I expect to see or find?"
Testing the hypothesis in action: The researcher conducts experiments or gathers data to see if the predicted consequences actually occur, thus supporting or refuting the hypothesis.
Option (1) and (4) are incorrect because they describe steps for a specific research design (like a survey) rather than the foundational logic of the scientific method itself.
Option (2) is incorrect because it has the steps in the wrong order (it suggests a solution before perceiving the problem).