If we suggest that x causes y, can we be sure that it is x that is responsible…
2026
If we suggest that x causes y, can we be sure that it is x that is responsible for the variation in y? This relates to:
- A.
external validity
- B.
reliability
- C.
internal validity
- D.
ecological validity
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Correct answer: C
This question relates to internal validity. Internal validity measures the degree to which we can be confident that changes in the dependent variable (y) are caused by the independent variable (x) rather than confounding factors. Since the question asks if we can be sure x is responsible for variation in y, it aligns with the definition of internal validity.