In the following question, a statement is given followed by four conclusions.…
2019
In the following question, a statement is given followed by four conclusions. Choose the conclusion(s) which logically follow from the statement. Statement : That shop has more expensive items. Conclusions : I. No cheap items are available in that shop. II. Expensive items are more than cheap items in that shop. III. Some items in that shop are not cheap. IV. Some items in that shop are cheap.
- A.
Either I or IV and III follow.
- B.
Only III follows.
- C.
Either I or IV and IV follow.
- D.
Only II and III follow.
Attempted by 167 students.
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Correct answer: D
Final answer: Only the conclusions that expensive items are more than cheap items and that some items in the shop are not cheap follow.
Reasoning:
"No cheap items are available in that shop." — Does not follow. The statement says most items are expensive, but that does not rule out the possibility that every item is expensive or that some items are cheap; absence of cheap items is not guaranteed.
"Expensive items are more than cheap items in that shop." — Follows. The phrase 'most items are expensive' means more than half are expensive, so the number of expensive items exceeds the number of cheap items.
"Some items in that shop are not cheap." — Follows. If most items are expensive, at least one item is expensive, so there exist items that are not cheap.
"Some items in that shop are cheap." — Does not follow. 'Most are expensive' does not guarantee the existence of cheap items; it allows the possibility that all items are expensive.