Decide the combination of which rows of Table I and Table II are sufficient to…

2021

Decide the combination of which rows of Table I and Table II are sufficient to answer the question.
If a person sold an article which
1. costs Rs. _______
2. at _______% profit
3. on a discount percentage of ______
find the selling price of the article.

COLUMN I

COLUMN II

(a)

2) T

3) T/2

(b)

1) 100

2) T-1

COLUMN 1

COLUMN II

(c)

Profit earned = 8%

(d)

1) 100

  1. A.

    a, d

  2. B.

    b, d

  3. C.

    a, c

  4. D.

    b, c

  5. E.

    Neither of combination is sufficient

Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

Concept

In a Data Sufficiency question, a statement's information is usable only when it fixes a concrete, definite number. An expression written only in terms of an unresolved variable does not, by itself, supply a value. Separately, once the Cost Price (CP) and the profit percentage realised on that cost are both known as concrete numbers, the Selling Price (SP) is fully determined: SP = CP x (1 + Profit%/100) - no discount or marked-price figure is needed for this, because the profit here is quoted directly relative to the cost, not relative to a marked price.

Application

First read what each row states:

  • Row (a): profit% = T and discount% = T/2 - both expressed only in terms of the unresolved variable T.

  • Row (b): Cost Price = Rs. 100 (a concrete number) and profit% = (T - 1) - again tied to T.

  • Row (c): Profit earned = 8% - a concrete number, with no variable attached.

  • Row (d): Cost Price = Rs. 100 (a concrete number, same figure as row (b)).

Now check each offered pairing for whether it fixes both the Cost Price and the profit percentage as plain numbers:

  1. Rows a, d: Cost Price = 100 from (d), but profit% is still only "T" from (a); T is never pinned to a number, so profit% never becomes concrete. Not sufficient.

  2. Rows b, d: both rows repeat Cost Price = 100; profit% is still "T - 1" from (b), again tied to the unresolved T. Not sufficient.

  3. Rows a, c: row (c) does give a concrete profit% = 8%, but neither row (a) nor row (c) states the Cost Price anywhere. Selling Price needs Cost Price too, so this pairing is not sufficient.

  4. Rows b, c: row (b) gives Cost Price = Rs. 100 as a concrete number, and row (c) gives profit% = 8% as a concrete number, independent of T. Both quantities the formula needs are now fixed: Selling Price = 100 x 1.08 = Rs. 108. Sufficient.

Cross-check

Rows b and c are the only pairing that supplies both required numbers without depending on the unresolved T, so "neither combination is sufficient" is also ruled out. Notice that the discount-percentage blank in the question is never actually used - once profit% is known directly relative to Cost Price, Selling Price follows without any marked-price or discount information, confirming that rows b and c alone are enough.

Result

The combination of rows b and c is sufficient to find the selling price.

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