Directions : Each of the questions below consists of a question and two…

2020

Directions : Each of the questions below consists of a question and two statements numbered I, and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read all the statements and answer the following questions.

Eight members A, B, M, N, O, P, Q and R are living in the family. In which only two married couples. How is N related to P?
Statements I: A is the sister-in-law of P, who is the mother-in-law of Q. R is the parent of A, who is unmarried. B is the father of N. Q is not the wife of N. N, who is married is not sibling of A.
Statements II: A is married to B. N is the father of O. A is the father of M. M is the sibling of N.

  1. A.

    If the data in statement I alone are sufficient

  2. B.

    If the data in statement II alone are sufficient

  3. C.

    If the data either in statement I alone or statement II alone are sufficient to answer

  4. D.

    If the data given in both I and II together are not sufficient

  5. E.

    If the data in both the statements I and II together are necessary to answer

Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

Concept

In a data-sufficiency question you test each statement on its own: a statement is sufficient only if it pins down a single, unambiguous answer to the asked relation; if even one detail is left open, that statement alone is not enough. Two relationship principles do the heavy lifting here: (i) an UNMARRIED person can be someone's sister-in-law only as the sibling of that someone's spouse (she has no spouse of her own to create the in-law link); and (ii) being a mother-in-law means you are the parent of a married child, which itself fixes a couple.

Applying Statement I

  1. A is the sister-in-law of P, and A is unmarried. An unmarried person is a sister-in-law only as the sibling of the other person's spouse. So P must be married, and A is the sibling of P's spouse. That fixes the first married couple: P and P's spouse.

  2. P is the mother-in-law of Q. P is the parent of the person Q is married to, so Q is married to a child of P. That fixes the second married couple: Q and P's child.

  3. The family has exactly two married couples, and both are now identified: (P, P's spouse) and (Q, P's child).

  4. N is married, so N must belong to one of those two couples.

  5. N is not a sibling of A. But P's spouse IS a sibling of A, so N cannot be P's spouse. Hence N is not in the first couple.

  6. Therefore N must be in the second couple, i.e. N is the child of P who is married to Q.

  7. Q is not the wife of N. Since N and Q are the married pair, Q must instead be N's husband, which makes N female.

  8. Conclusion from Statement I: N is the daughter of P — a single, definite relation. Statement I alone settles the question.

Applying Statement II

Statement II tells us A is married to B, A is the father of M, M is the sibling of N (so A and B are the parents of M and N), and N is the father of O. This builds a consistent family tree, but the member P is never mentioned anywhere in Statement II. With no link to P at all, the relation of N to P cannot be determined. Statement II alone is not sufficient.

Cross-check and result

  • Statement I alone → fixes both couples and forces N to be P's daughter: sufficient.

  • Statement II alone → never refers to P: insufficient.

  • So only Statement I alone answers the question. The correct choice is the one stating that the data in Statement I alone are sufficient.

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