Directions : Read the following table carefully and answer the questions given…

2022

Directions : Read the following table carefully and answer the questions given below.
Two shops X & Y sell two (R & T) different articles and each article is marked up and then sold after giving a certain discount. Table shows the cost price, marked price and relation between ‘a’ & ‘b’ variables for both shops and the discount given by them at different times.
Note: Relationship between ‘a’ & ‘b’ variable for both shops are different.

Articles

Cost price (Rs.)

Marked price (Rs.)

R

5000 + a

12b

T

8000 + a

25b

Shops

Relation between a & b

X

a = 3b

Y

3a = 10b

Timing

Discount offered by both shops (Rs.)

1:30 pm

a/5

2:30 pm

b/5

3:30 pm

(a+b)/5

The profit percentage earned by shop X on selling article R at 1:30 pm is 42.5%. Find the profit percentage by the same shop on selling the article T at 2:30 pm.

  1. A.

    125.45%

  2. B.

    110.50%

  3. C.

    92.33%

  4. D.

    87.50%

  5. E.

    115.25%

Attempted by 1 students.

Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

Concept

Selling Price (SP) = Marked Price (MP) − Discount, and Profit% = (SP − CP) ÷ CP × 100. When unknowns appear in CP, MP and the discount, first pin them down using the one fully-known profit figure, then reuse those numbers for the asked item.

Application

  1. For Shop X the relation is a = 3b. For article R: CP = 5000 + a, MP = 12b, and the 1:30 pm discount is a/5.

  2. SP of R = 12b − a/5 = 12b − 3b/5 = 57b/5 (after putting a = 3b).

  3. Given profit on R = 42.5%, so (57b/5 − (5000 + 3b)) ÷ (5000 + 3b) = 0.425.

  4. Multiply both sides by (5000 + 3b): 57b/5 − 5000 − 3b = 0.425 × (5000 + 3b) = 2125 + 1.275b.

  5. Collect the b terms: 57b/5 − 3b − 1.275b = 7125, i.e. (11.4 − 3 − 1.275)b = 7125, so 7.125b = 7125.

  6. Solve for b: b = 7125 ÷ 7.125 = 1000, hence a = 3b = 3000.

  7. Now for article T sold by Shop X at 2:30 pm: CP = 8000 + a = 8000 + 3000 = 11000; MP = 25b = 25000; the 2:30 pm discount is b/5 = 1000/5 = 200.

  8. SP of T = 25000 − 200 = 24800.

  9. Profit% on T = (24800 − 11000) ÷ 11000 × 100 = 13800 ÷ 11000 × 100 = 1380/11 = 125.45% (approx).

Cross-check

Verify the derived values on R: CP = 5000 + 3000 = 8000, SP = 12(1000) − 3000/5 = 12000 − 600 = 11400, profit% = (11400 − 8000)/8000 × 100 = 42.5%, matching the given figure. So a = 3000, b = 1000 are correct, and T yields 125.45%.

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