Which of the following are included in the original jurisdiction of the…

Concept

The original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is defined by Article 131 of the Constitution. It covers disputes in which the parties are the Centre and the States, or the States among themselves — specifically (a) between the Government of India and one or more States, (b) between the Government of India together with one or more States on one side and one or more other States on the other, and (c) between two or more States. The dispute must involve a question of law or fact on which the existence or extent of a legal right depends.

Applying it to the statements

• Government of India versus one or more States is squarely within Article 131, so statement (1) is included.

• A dispute between two or more States is also expressly covered by Article 131, so statement (4) is included.

• Election disputes for either House of Parliament or a State Legislature are decided through election petitions before the High Courts under the Representation of the People Act, not under the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction, so statement (2) is excluded.

• A dispute between the Government of India and a Union Territory is not covered, because Article 131 names only States as parties and a Union Territory is not a State, so statement (3) is excluded.

Result

Only statements (1) and (4) fall within the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, so the correct combination is 1 and 4.

Cross-check

Both the text of Article 131 and the Supreme Court of India's own description of its jurisdiction list Centre-State and inter-State disputes as original jurisdiction while keeping election matters and Union-Territory disputes outside it, confirming the pairing 1 and 4.