At present how many Fundamental Duties are there in the Indian Constitution?

2022

At present how many Fundamental Duties are there in the Indian Constitution?

  1. A.

    4

  2. B.

    9

  3. C.

    11

  4. D.

    6

Attempted by 8 students.

Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Fundamental Duties of citizens are enumerated in Article 51A, which sits in Part IV-A of the Constitution of India — a part inserted specifically to state civic obligations that complement the Fundamental Rights in Part III.

  1. Part IV-A was inserted by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee, and it added Article 51A listing a set of Fundamental Duties as clauses (a) through (j).

  2. The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002 inserted one further duty into Article 51A as clause (k), placing on every parent or guardian the duty to provide opportunities for education to their child or ward.

  3. Reading Article 51A as it stands today, its clauses run from (a) to (k) without a gap, so the article currently lists eleven Fundamental Duties in total.

Cross-check: counting the lettered clauses of Article 51A directly — a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k — gives eleven, confirming the total independent of tracking the amendment history.

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