The present Prime Minister of Nepal is

Concept: In a “current affairs” GK item that asks who holds a post “at present,” the correct option is the person who held that post at the time the exam itself was conducted — not whoever holds it today — because officeholders change and a PYQ is anchored to its own exam date.

1. This question is from the TPSC CMIS Preliminary Examination, which was conducted on 20 December 2015, so “present” here means “as of 20 December 2015.”

2. Nepal's Prime Ministership around that period: Madhav Kumar Nepal (May 2009 – February 2011), Baburam Bhattarai (August 2011 – March 2013), Sushil Koirala (February 2014 – October 2015).

3. K. P. Sharma Oli was sworn in as Nepal's Prime Minister on 12 October 2015, after the country adopted its new constitution in September 2015.

4. Since the exam was held on 20 December 2015 — more than two months after Oli's swearing-in — the Prime Minister in office at that time was K. P. Sharma Oli.

Cross-check (contrast the other terms by their own dates):

• Baburam Bhattarai's term ended in March 2013, over two and a half years before this exam was held.

• Madhav Kumar Nepal's term ended in February 2011, more than four years before this exam.

• Sushil Koirala's term ended on 11 October 2015, just one day before Oli took office — so Koirala had already left the post by the exam date.

This also matches TPSC's own published final answer key for the Series-B test booklet, which records Q.55's answer as K. P. Sharma Oli — confirming the date-based derivation independently.