Directions : Read the passage and answer the following questions based on that…
2022
Directions : Read the passage and answer the following questions based on that
It has recently been discovered that many attributions of paintings to the seventeenth-century Dutch artist Rembrandt may be false. The contested paintings are not minor works, whose removal from the Rembrandt corpus would leave it relatively unaffected: they are at its very center. In her recent book, Svetlana Alpers uses these cases of disputed attribution as a point of departure for her provocative discussion of the radical distinctiveness of Rembrandt's approach to painting.
Alpers argues that Rembrandt exercised an unprecedentedly firm control over his art, his students, and the distribution of his works. Despite Gary Schwartz's brilliant documentation of Rembrandt's complicated relations with a wide circle of patrons, Alpers takes the view that Rembrandt refused to submit to the prevailing patronage system. He preferred, she claims, to sell his works on the open market and to play the entrepreneur. At a time when Dutch artists were organizing into professional brotherhoods and academies, Rembrandt stood up. In fact, Alpers portrait of Rembrandt shows virtually every aspect of his art pervaded by economic motives. Indeed, so complete was Rembrandt's involvement with the market, she argues, that he even presented himself as commodity, viewing his studio's products as extensions of himself, sent out into the world to earn money. Alpers asserts that Rembrandt's enterprise is found not just in his paintings, but in his refusal to limit his enterprise to those paintings he actually painted.
In the given passage a phrasal verb is given in bold, which may or may not be correct to its position. Choose the alternative that is most appropriate with the context of the statement. If the highlighted phrasal verb is correctly placed, choose ‘no replacement is needed’ as your answer choice.
- A.
stood away
- B.
stood apart
- C.
stood by
- D.
stood in
- E.
no replacement is needed
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Concept
A phrasal-verb replacement task tests which particle pairs with the base verb to give the meaning the sentence demands. The same verb takes on a different sense with each particle, so the correct choice is the one whose idiomatic meaning fits the logical relation set up by the surrounding clause — here, a contrast between one person and a group.
Application
The clause sets up a contrast: “At a time when Dutch artists were organizing into professional brotherhoods and academies, Rembrandt ____.” The signal phrase “At a time when …” marks Rembrandt as the exception — while the others grouped together, he did the opposite. The verb phrase must therefore mean “was separate from / was conspicuously different from the rest.” stood apart carries exactly that sense: to be clearly distinct or separate from a group. It completes the contrast and is reinforced by the next sentence, which stresses how singular his market-driven approach was.
Contrast with the other choices
stood away — not an established idiom for being different; “stand away (from)” at most suggests physical distance, not the figurative distinctness the contrast needs.
stood by — means to remain loyal to someone, or to wait passively without acting; neither matches a sentence about being unlike everyone else.
stood in — means to substitute or deputise for another person; the passage is about Rembrandt being independent, not filling in for anyone.
stood up (the original) — means to rise to one’s feet, or to take a firm public stand; it does not convey the required idea of remaining separate from the group, so a replacement is needed.
Result
The phrasal verb that fits the contrast is stood apart.