Which of the following statements is TRUE?

2017

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

  1. A.

    The cardinality ratio for a binary relationship specifies the maximum number of relationship instances that an entity can participate in.

  2. B.

    The cardinality ratio for a binary relationship specifies the minimum number of relationship instances that an entity can participate in..

  3. C.

    The partial participation constraint is also called existence dependency

  4. D.

    The cardinality ratio for a binary relationship specifies the average number of relationship instances that an entity can participate in.

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Correct answer: A

The correct option is A. The cardinality ratio for a binary relationship defines the maximum number of relationship instances that an entity can participate in (e.g., 1:1, 1:N, M:N). Conversely, participation constraints (total vs. partial) specify the minimum structural boundaries.

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