A graph G with number of vertices greater and equal than three i.e. (n≥3) is a…
2024
A graph G with number of vertices greater and equal than three i.e. (n≥3) is a Hamiltonian graph,
if the degree of each vertex is greater and equal to ....
- A.
Equal to number of vertices
- B.
Double of number of vertices
- C.
Half of number of vertices
- D.
Four times of number of vertices.
Attempted by 154 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Correct criterion: For a simple graph with n ≥ 3 vertices, if every vertex has degree at least n/2, then the graph is Hamiltonian (Dirac's theorem).
Proof sketch:
Assume every vertex has degree ≥ n/2. Let C be a longest cycle in the graph.
If C contains all vertices, it is a Hamiltonian cycle and we are done. Otherwise pick a vertex x not on C.
Vertex x has at least n/2 neighbors on C. These neighbors divide C into many segments, so two neighbors of x on C are not consecutive along C. By connecting x into C between such nonconsecutive neighbors, one can form a longer cycle that includes x, contradicting the maximality of C.
This contradiction implies C must include all vertices; hence the graph is Hamiltonian.
Remarks: The condition is sufficient but not necessary. Also note the maximum possible degree in an n-vertex simple graph is n−1, so suggestions like degree equal to n or multiples of n are impossible.
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