The M components in MVC are responsible for

Correct answer: The Model components are responsible for business logic and domain objects.

• Manage domain objects and application data (state).

• Implement business rules and enforce invariants.

• Interact with databases or other persistence layers.

• Provide an API for Controllers and Views to access and update data.

Common confusion: Distinguish the Model from the other MVC parts:

• View — responsible for the user interface and presentation.

• Controller — handles input and translates UI actions into operations on the Model.

Example: In a shopping cart application, the Model stores cart items, calculates totals, applies pricing and discount rules, and persists cart state.