Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other…
2026
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: Instruction pipelining improves CPU throughput.
Reason R: Pipelining decreases the execution time of each individual instruction.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
- A.
Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
- B.
Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
- C.
A is correct but R is not correct
- D.
A is not correct but R is correct
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Correct answer: C
Instruction pipelining is a technique used to increase the throughput of a CPU by overlapping the execution of multiple instructions. Throughput refers to the number of instructions completed per unit time, which indeed increases with pipelining. Therefore, Assertion A is correct.\nHowever, Reason R states that pipelining decreases the execution time of each individual instruction. This is incorrect. Pipelining does not reduce the latency (time taken) for a single instruction; in fact, due to overheads like pipeline registers and hazards, the latency might slightly increase. Instead, pipelining improves throughput by allowing multiple instructions to be processed simultaneously at different stages.\nSince A is correct but R is incorrect, the most appropriate answer is Option C. Options suggesting both are correct or that R explains A are invalid because the premise in Reason R is factually wrong regarding individual instruction latency.