Which of the following statement is true? A. Control memory is part of the…

Answer: The only true statement is Program control instructions are used to alter the sequential flow of the program.

• Control memory is part of the hardwired control unit. — False. Control memory stores microinstructions and is a feature of microprogrammed control units. A hardwired control unit produces control signals with fixed logic and does not use a control memory.

• Program control instructions are used to alter the sequential flow of the program. — True. Instructions like jumps, branches, calls, and returns explicitly change the next instruction address and therefore alter the program's sequential flow.

• The register indirect addressing mode for accessing memory operand is similar to displacement addressing mode. — False (nuanced). Register indirect uses a register that directly contains the effective address. Displacement addressing uses a base register plus a constant offset. Register indirect can be viewed as a special case of displacement with offset zero, but they are not equivalent in general.

• CPU utilization is not affected by the introduction of Interrupts. — False. Interrupts require the CPU to save state, run an interrupt service routine, and restore state, which consumes CPU cycles and introduces overhead, thereby affecting CPU utilization.