What will be the right sequence of the phases of database design- A. Physical…

Correct sequence: Requirement collection and analysis → Conceptual design → Logical design → Physical design.

1. Requirement collection and analysis: Gather user requirements, business rules, and use cases to understand what the database must support.

2. Conceptual design: Create a high-level model (for example, an ER model) that identifies entities, relationships, and constraints without DBMS-specific details.

3. Logical design: Translate the conceptual model into a logical schema for the chosen data model (e.g., relational schemas), perform normalization, and define keys.

4. Physical design: Decide on storage structures, indexing, partitioning, and DBMS-specific optimizations based on the logical schema and performance requirements.

Why this order:

• Each phase builds on the previous one: requirements inform the conceptual model, the conceptual model is refined into a logical schema, and the logical schema determines physical implementation choices.

• Doing physical design before finalizing the logical model can lead to inefficient or incorrect storage and indexing decisions.