Database application were directly built on top of file system to overcome the…
2015
Database application were directly built on top of file system to overcome the following drawbacks of using file-systems:
(a) Data redundancy and inconsistency
(b) Difficulty in accessing data
(c) Data isolation
(d) Integrity problems
- A.
(a)
- B.
(a) and (d)
- C.
(a), (b) and (c)
- D.
(a), (b), (c) and (d)
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Correct answer: D
Answer: Database systems address all four listed drawbacks.
Brief explanations of how databases overcome each problem:
Data redundancy and inconsistency: File-based systems often store duplicate data across multiple files, causing inconsistent updates. Database systems centralize data, use data modeling and normalization, and provide a single source of truth to reduce redundancy and inconsistency.
Difficulty in accessing data: In file-based systems each application must implement its own data access logic. DBMSs provide high-level query languages (such as SQL), APIs, and optimized access methods that make it easier to retrieve and manipulate data.
Data isolation: Files may use different formats and be scattered across applications, making combined queries and integration hard. A database offers a unified schema and centralized management, removing isolation and enabling integrated views of the data.
Integrity problems: File systems cannot easily enforce global constraints or atomic updates. DBMSs support integrity constraints, transactions (ACID properties), and concurrency control to ensure correctness and consistency of data.
Therefore, all four issues—data redundancy and inconsistency; difficulty in accessing data; data isolation; and integrity problems—are reasons why database applications were built on top of file systems.