Designing LL(1) Parser Part-3

Duration: 6 min

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Module outline

  1. About Course: About the Course
  2. General Aptitude & Reasoning: Number System, Percentage, Ratio and Proportion (Ratios), Average, Profit and Loss, Simple Interest and Compound Interest, Time and Work, Speed Time and Distance, Mixture and Alligation, Data Interpretation, Algebra, Probability, Permutation and Combination, Venn Diagram, HCF LCM, Divisibility Rules, Age Problems, Pipe and Cistern, Partnership, Linear Algebra, Sequence and Series (Series), Statistics, Powers and Exponents (Surds and Indices), Arithmetic, Mensuration and Geometry, Calculus, Trigonometry, Vectors, Speed Mathematics and Basic Mathematics, Non Verbal Reasoning (Spatial Aptitude) (Spatial Reasoning) (Visual Reasoning), Analogy, Series (Number and Letter Series) (Numerical Relations and Reasoning), Puzzle Solving (Puzzles), Syllogisms, Deductive and Inductive Reasoning (Logical Deduction and Induction) (Prepositional Reasoning), Calendar, Seating Arrangements, Coding Decoding, Blood Relations, Directions (Direction Test), Clock, Analytical Reasoning (Counting Figures Reasoning), Ranking, Order and Sequence, Logical Sequence Of Words, Inequality, Data Sufficiency, Cubes & Dices
  3. Computer Networks & Cybersecurity: Introduction to CN, Data Communication, DLL: Access Control, DLL: Flow Control, DLL: Error Control, DLL: Framing, Data Link Layer - Ethernet, Net Layer: IPv4 & Proto, Net Layer: IP Addressing, Net Layer:Routing Protocol, Transport Layer Services, TL: Congestion & UDP, Application Layer, Hardware Basics, Network Security
  4. Programming, Data Structures & Algorithms: C Fundamentals, Control Flow, Functions, Arrays & Pointers, Storage Classes, Structures & Enums, DMA, Macros, Scoping & File Handling, OOPS with C++, Introduction to DS, Array, Stack, Queue, Linked List, Tree, Graphs, Hashing, Algorithm Analysis, Time Complexity Analysis, Sorting Algorithms, Greedy Algorithms, Dynamic Programming, Minimum Spanning Trees, Shortest Path Algos, Advanced Algorithms
  5. AI, Machine Learning, Big Data & Cloud: Emerging Tech Trends, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data Systems, Approaches to AI, Search Algorithms, Knowledge Representation, Cloud Computing
  6. Digital Logic & Computer Organization: Digital Systems & Boolean Basics, Logic Gates & Hardware, Boolean Expression, Boolean Minimization, Combinational Circuit, Sequential Circuits, Number System, Number Representation, Basics of COA, Floating Point Rep, Cache Memory Organization, Input Output Organisation, Pipelining, Instr Formats & Modes, Register Transfer and Microoperations, Control Unit Design, Programming the Basic Computer
  7. TOC & Compiler: Introduction to TOC, Deterministic FA (DFA), Non-Deterministic FA, Regular Expressions, Grammar, Regular Language Properties, Moore & Mealy Machines, Pushdown Automata & CFG, Turing Machines, Complexity Theory, Intro to Compilers, Lexical Analysis, Grammar & CFG, Syntax Analysis: Top-Down, Syntax Analysis: Bottom-Up, Semantic Analysis & SDT, Intermediate Code Gen, Code Optimization, Run Time Environment
  8. Discrete Mathematics: Set Theory, Relations, Functions, Graph Theory, Group Theory, Propositional and Predicate Logic
  9. Operating System: Introduction to OS, Process Management, CPU Scheduling, Process Synchronization, Threads & Process Creation, Deadlock, Memory Management, Virtual Memory, Disc Scheduling, File Management, Unix OS, Linux OS, Distributed Systems
  10. Software Engineering: Fundamentals of Software Engineering, Software Requirements and Quality Assurance, Software Design, Estimation and Metrics, Software Testing, Software Maintenance and Configuration Management, Object Oriented Technology, HTML Basics, JavaScript-Basics, Java, XML
  11. Database Management System: Basics of DBMS, ER Diagram, Relational Model & Functional Dependencies, Keys & Integrity Constraints, Normalization (1NF - BCNF), Decomposition Properties & 4NF, File Organization & Indexing, Relational Algebra, SQL, Relational Calculus, Transaction Management, Concurrency Control, Database Recovery, Data Warehousing & Mining, Enhanced Data Models, NoSQL
  12. Other Recurring CS Topics: Basics of Computer Graphics, 2-D Geometrical Transforms and Viewing, Multimedia
  13. Live Classes: ISRO Live classes
  14. Full Mock Test:
AI summary & chapters

AI Summary

An AI-generated summary of this video lecture.

The video is a lecture on compiler design, specifically focusing on LL(1) parsing. The instructor begins by reviewing the FIRST and FOLLOW sets for a given grammar, which is visible on the left side of the board. He then demonstrates the parsing process using the input string `id + id * id` by constructing a parse tree step-by-step. The lecture progresses from theoretical set calculations to practical application, showing how grammar rules are applied to match input tokens.

Chapters

  1. 0:00 – 2:00 00:00-02:00

    The video opens with a view of a whiteboard containing compiler design notes. On the left, a grammar is listed: `E -> E + T / T`, `T -> T * F / F`, `F -> (E) / id`. Below the grammar, the instructor has calculated FIRST and FOLLOW sets. Visible text includes `F(E) = { (, id }`, `Fol(E) = { $, ) }`, `F(E') = { +, e }`, `F(T) = { (, id }`, `F(T') = { *, e }`, and `F(F) = { *, +, $ }`. He points to a large red grid representing the LL(1) parsing table. The rows are labeled E, E', T, T', F and columns are +, *, (, ), id, $. He mentions the table dimensions are `m x (n+1)`. He is explaining how to populate this table using the sets. Specific productions like `E -> TE'` are visible in the `(` and `id` columns. `E' -> +TE'` is in the `+` column. `E' -> e` is in the `)` and `$` columns. `T -> FT'` is in `(` and `id`. `T' -> *FT'` is in `*`. `T' -> e` is in `+`, `)`, `$`. `F -> (E)` is in `(`. `F -> id` is in `id`. The instructor's name "Sanchit Jain Sir" is visible at the bottom left.

  2. 2:00 – 5:00 02:00-05:00

    The instructor begins a practical example. He writes the input string `id + id * id` at the top right. He starts drawing a parse tree below the table using blue ink. He begins with the root `E`. He draws branches for `T` and `E'` based on the production `E -> T E'`. He expands `T` into `F` and `T'`. He expands `F` into `id`. He draws an arrow from the leaf `id` to the first token of the input string. He then looks at the next token `+` and expands `E'` into `+ T E'`. He expands the new `T` into `F T'` and `F` into `id`, matching the second token. He then sees `*` and expands `T'` into `* F T'`. He expands `F` into `id`, matching the third token. He continues to expand the remaining non-terminals. He draws the tree structure carefully, showing the hierarchy of the grammar rules. He uses arrows to link the input string tokens to the corresponding leaves in the tree. The tree has multiple levels, with `E` at the top and terminals at the bottom.

  3. 5:00 – 5:48 05:00-05:48

    The instructor completes the parse tree. He expands the final `T'` and `E'` into epsilon (`e`) to handle the end of the string `$`. He draws the final branches and leaves. He puts a blue checkmark next to the input string `id + id * id` to signify that the string is successfully parsed by the grammar. He gestures with his hands to emphasize the structure of the tree. The video ends with the completed parse tree visible on the board. The tree shows the derivation of the expression. The leaves of the tree, read from left to right, form the input string.

The lecture progresses from theoretical set calculations to practical application. The instructor first establishes the necessary FIRST and FOLLOW sets for a standard arithmetic grammar. He then uses these sets to guide the construction of an LL(1) parsing table. Finally, he demonstrates the parsing algorithm by manually constructing a parse tree for the expression `id + id * id`, showing how the grammar rules are applied step-by-step to match the input tokens. The visual progression from the table to the tree illustrates the parsing process clearly.

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