Let π‘ˆ = {1,2, … , 𝑛}. Let 𝐴 = {(π‘₯, 𝑋)|π‘₯ ∈ 𝑋, 𝑋 βŠ† π‘ˆ}. Consider the…

2019

Let π‘ˆ = {1,2, … , 𝑛}. Let 𝐴 = {(π‘₯, 𝑋)|π‘₯ ∈ 𝑋, 𝑋 βŠ† π‘ˆ}. Consider the following two statements on |𝐴|.

I.Β Β Β Β Β \(\mid A \mid = n2^{n-1}\)

II.Β Β Β Β \(\mid A \mid = \Sigma_{k=1}^{n} k \begin{pmatrix} n \\ k \end{pmatrix}\)

Which of the above statements is/are TRUE?

  1. A.

    Only I

  2. B.

    Only II

  3. C.

    Both I and II

  4. D.

    Neither I nor II

Attempted by 260 students.

Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Let U = {1, 2}

All Possible subsets of U = {Ο•, {1}, {2}, {1, 2}}

A = (x, X), x ∈ X and X βŠ† U

x can be only {Ο•, 1, 2}

When x = 1

X = (1, {1})

X = {1, {1, 2}}

When x = 2

X = {2, {2}}

X = {2, {1, 2}}

Therefore, total elements in A, |A| = 2 + 2 = 4.

Option 1:

|A| = n Γ— 2ⁿ⁻¹ = 2 Γ— 2²⁻¹ = 4

Option 2:

|A| = Ξ£ k C(n,k)

= 1 Γ— C(2,1) + 2 Γ— C(2,2)

|A| = 2 + 2 = 4

Both the options are correct.

Important Points:

x = Ο• and X = Ο• is not considered since Ο• ∈ Ο• is not true.

Although we cannot generalize just from one example but in general both the cases always hold true for given conditions.

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