Consider a list of recursive algorithms and a list of recurrence relations as…

2004

Consider a list of recursive algorithms and a list of recurrence relations as shown below. Each recurrence relation corresponds to exactly one algorithm and is used to derive the time complexity of the algorithm.

Recursive Algorithm

Recurrence Relation

P.Binary search

I.T(n) = T(n-k) + T(k) + cn

Q.Merge sort

II.T(n) = 2T(n-1) + 1

R.Quick sort

III.T(n) = 2T(n/2) + cn

S.Tower of HanoiI

V.T(n) = T(n/2) + 1

  1. A.

    P-II, Q-III, R-IV, S-I

  2. B.

    P-IV, Q-III, R-I, S-II

  3. C.

    P-III, Q-II, R-IV, S-I

  4. D.

    P-IV, Q-II, R-I, S-III

Attempted by 106 students.

Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Correct matching and reasoning:

  • Binary search → T(n) = T(n/2) + 1. Binary search halves the problem size each step, so it has logarithmic time complexity Θ(log n).

  • Merge sort → T(n) = 2T(n/2) + cn. Merge sort splits into two halves and performs linear-time merging, giving Θ(n log n).

  • Quick sort → T(n) = T(k) + T(n-k) + cn. Quick sort partitions into two subproblems of sizes k and n−k and does linear partitioning; the average-case is Θ(n log n), though the exact recurrence depends on the pivot choices.

  • Tower of Hanoi → T(n) = 2T(n-1) + 1. Solving for n disks requires solving for n−1 twice plus one move, giving exponential time Θ(2^n).

Therefore the correct mapping is: Binary search ↔ T(n)=T(n/2)+1; Merge sort ↔ T(n)=2T(n/2)+cn; Quick sort ↔ T(n)=T(k)+T(n-k)+cn; Tower of Hanoi ↔ T(n)=2T(n-1)+1.

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