Statements: 1. There has been a high increase in the incidents of atrocities…
2023
Statements:
1. There has been a high increase in the incidents of atrocities against women in the city during the past few months.
2. The police authority has been unable to nab the culprits who are committing crime against women.
- A.
Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
- B.
Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
- C.
Both the statements I and II are independent causes
- D.
Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
In cause-and-effect reasoning, two statements are classified by how they logically relate: one statement may directly produce the other (a cause-effect pair in either direction); both statements may be explicit consequences tracing back to some unstated trigger (effects of a common or of independent causes); or the two statements may simply be self-contained facts about the same broad situation, with neither creating nor depending on the other (independent causes/happenings).
Statement I reports a rise in atrocities against women; Statement II reports that police have failed to catch the culprits. Neither statement is phrased as a result following from the other, and neither carries any explicit signal (such as “as a result”, “therefore”, or a stated trigger) tying it to a shared upstream cause. Each is a plain, freestanding observation about the same broader social problem, so the correct classification is that both are independent happenings/causes.
Checking the other options against this:
A statement claiming one directly produced the other would need the passage to show the crime increase overwhelming police capacity, or police failure directly emboldening more crime — neither link is stated.
A statement claiming both trace back to separate unstated causes would need consequence-framing language (“as a result of”, “due to”) that is absent here; both statements are flat factual reports, not consequence-framed.