In a Rigorous 2 phase protocol

In a Rigorous 2-phase protocol, transactions follow strict lock acquisition and release rules to ensure serializability.

Step 1: Locks are acquired during the growing phase and released during the shrinking phase.

Step 2: Shared locks (for read operations) are released after the transaction completes, not before.

Step 3: Exclusive locks (for write operations) are held until the transaction commits and are released after commit.

Step 4: In a Rigorous 2-phase protocol, all locks—both shared and exclusive—are released only after the transaction is committed.

Step 5: Locks are not released before commit, as this would compromise consistency and violate the protocol.