Directions : In the following paragraph, a few phrases have been highlighted,…
2021
Directions : In the following paragraph, a few phrases have been highlighted, each of which has been numbered. These highlighted phrases may or may not have been used correctly in terms of contextual meaning and grammatical accuracy. Select the most appropriate phrase from the given options to replace the incorrect one. Choose option (e) as your answer choice if the highlighted phrases are grammatically correct and don't need to be replaced.
Enhancing the efficiency of electricity use are an important complement (68) to decarbonizing the electricity supply. Growing urbanization and uptake of electricity services offer a good opportunity to (69) shape energy consumption within buildings through proactive measures. Cooling needs are expected to increase rapid with rising (70) incomes and temperatures. Air conditioners, fans and refrigerators together consume about 60% of the electricity in households. Today, the average fan sold in the market consumes more than twice (71) what an efficient fan does, and an average refrigerator is about 35% more. India can leverage this transition to as an opportunity too (27) become a global leader in the production of clean appliances.
- A.
for increase rapidly with rising
- B.
to increased rapid with rising
- C.
to increase rapidly with rising
- D.
to increase rapidly with risen
- E.
No replacement required
Attempted by 5 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Concept: An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, while an adjective modifies only a noun or pronoun. When a word describes HOW an action happens, it qualifies the verb and must take the adverb form, not the adjective form. The infinitive 'to + base verb' must keep the base verb unchanged, and a phrase such as 'rising incomes' needs the present participle 'rising' to express growth that is still going on.
Application: In the highlighted phrase the word 'increase' is a verb, and the word next to it is meant to describe the manner of that increase. A verb cannot be described by the adjective 'rapid'; it needs the adverb 'rapidly'. The corrected sentence reads 'Cooling needs are expected to increase rapidly with rising incomes': 'to increase' keeps the infinitive intact, 'rapidly' correctly modifies the verb, and 'rising' preserves the present-participle sense of incomes that are still growing.
Why the other replacements fail:
'for increase rapidly with rising' breaks the structure 'expected to increase'; after 'expected' the infinitive marker 'to' is required, so the preposition 'for' is simply ungrammatical here.
'to increased rapid with rising' is wrong twice: after 'to' the base form 'increase' is needed, not the past tense 'increased', and the adjective 'rapid' is still wrongly attached to a verb.
'to increase rapidly with risen' uses the past participle 'risen', which cannot stand in 'with risen incomes' for incomes that are still growing; the present participle 'rising' is required.
'No replacement required' is wrong because the original phrase does contain a genuine grammatical error, the adjective 'rapid' modifying the verb 'increase'.
Cross-check: Apply a quick adverb test, 'increases quickly' versus 'increases quick'; only the adverb form 'quickly' is acceptable, which confirms that the verb 'increase' must be modified by an adverb.