Species restricted to a particular area are referred to as

Endemism is the ecological principle describing a species (or other taxon) that occurs naturally in only one geographic region or habitat and is found nowhere else in the world. Such species, called endemic species, are typically restricted to a specific area because of geographic isolation, unique climatic or ecological conditions, or a distinct evolutionary history — unlike species with a wide, cosmopolitan distribution.

The question asks for the term used for species confined to a particular area. This restricted, area-specific distribution is exactly what defines endemic species, so among the given options, the one naming this concept is correct.

• Endangered species describes a species' risk of extinction due to a declining population — a conservation status, not a statement about where it is geographically found; an endangered species can still be widely distributed.

• Extinct species describes species that have died out completely and no longer exist anywhere on Earth — the opposite of being restricted to one area, since an extinct species is not found in any area at all.

• Migratory species regularly move between two or more regions, often on a seasonal cycle — the opposite of remaining confined to a single area.