Which of the following Articles is related to the Protection of Life and…

Concept

A constitutional-right question is solved by matching the right named in the stem with the operative subject of the relevant Article.

Nearby Articles may all protect liberty in a broad sense, but each has a distinct legal scope: conviction, life and personal liberty, arrest and detention, or religious administration.

Application

The stem uses the expression ‘protection of life and personal liberty’. Article 21 provides that no person shall be deprived of life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. Thus, the value asked for is Article 21.

Contrast

• Article 20 deals with safeguards relating to conviction for offences, including ex post facto punishment, double jeopardy, and self-incrimination.

• Article 22 deals with safeguards associated with arrest and detention, including information about the grounds of arrest and access to legal counsel.

• Article 26 deals with the freedom of religious denominations to establish institutions and manage religious affairs.

Cross-check

The exact constitutional phrase ‘life or personal liberty’ appears in Article 21, confirming the match by wording as well as by legal scope.