Which of the following makes use of Newton’s third law of motion?

Concept: Newton's third law states that forces always occur in pairs: whenever body A exerts a force on body B, body B simultaneously exerts a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction on body A. The two forces of a pair act on different bodies, so they never cancel each other out. A device therefore "makes use of" the third law when its working depends on that partner force — the force the device gets back from whatever it pushes. Fluid-metering instruments, by contrast, are normally governed by conservation laws such as the equation of continuity and Bernoulli's theorem rather than by a harnessed action–reaction pair.

Application: Test each named item against that criterion:

• Space rocket: the engine burns propellant and pushes the exhaust gases rearward through the nozzle, and the gases push forward on the rocket with an equal and opposite force. That partner force is the thrust (thrust = exhaust mass flow rate × exhaust velocity), which is why a rocket keeps accelerating in vacuum where there is no external medium to push against.

• Archery: the released bowstring pushes the arrow forward, and the arrow pushes back on the string — and through it on the limbs and the archer's bow hand — with an equal and opposite force. The arrow's launch and the bow's backward kick are the two halves of a single force pair, exactly as in the recoil of a fired gun. The energy of the shot comes from elastic potential energy stored in the drawn limbs, but the force that launches the arrow comes in such a pair.

• Venturimeter: the tube narrows to a throat, so by the equation of continuity the liquid speeds up there, and by Bernoulli's theorem the faster liquid sits at lower static pressure. A manometer reads the inlet-to-throat pressure difference and the discharge is computed from it. No action–reaction pair is harnessed; it is an energy-conservation instrument.

Cross-check: two of the three named items — the space rocket and archery — are worked by an equal-and-opposite force pair, while the Venturimeter is not. So no single named device is the complete answer, and it is also untrue that not one of them qualifies.

Hence the correct response is "More than one of the above".

Source note: this is Question 45 (Series A) of the BPSC / Bihar TRE 2.0 school-teacher written examination held on 15 December 2023, and BPSC's official answer key for that paper marks the combined choice "More than one of the above". A widely circulated four-option version of the same stem (CDS-I 2004) offers "Internal combustion engine" in place of the combined choices and is keyed "Space rocket"; with no combined choice available there, that is consistent.