Ram said, "Hurrah! I have scored a goal." Choose the option in which the above…

Concept: To change an EXCLAMATORY sentence (one carrying strong feeling, often signalled by an interjection such as 'Hurrah!', 'Alas!', or 'Bravo!') into indirect/reported speech: (1) the reporting verb 'said' is replaced by a verb phrase that itself carries the emotion of the interjection, e.g. 'exclaimed with joy/sorrow/wonder/regret'; (2) the interjection word itself is dropped; (3) as in any reported speech, the sentence becomes an assertive statement, pronouns shift to the reporter's point of view, and the tense backshifts (present perfect to past perfect) since the reporting verb is in the past tense.

Application: Here the interjection 'Hurrah!' expresses joy, so 'said' becomes 'exclaimed with joy'. The first-person pronoun 'I' (Ram speaking about himself) shifts to the third-person 'he' because someone else is now reporting Ram's words. The present-perfect 'have scored' backshifts to the past perfect 'had scored'. Combining all three changes together gives the complete indirect form.

Checking each option against the three required changes (an emotion-bearing reporting verb, the third-person pronoun, and the backshifted tense):

• Using 'told' with 'Hurrah' as its object treats the interjection as if it were a person being addressed, so no emotion-bearing reporting verb is created at all.

• Switching to 'exclaimed' and backshifting the tense and pronoun covers only two of the three required changes -- it leaves the interjection's emotion completely unexpressed in the reporting verb.

• Keeping 'I' and 'have scored' unchanged fails the pronoun-shift and tense-backshift requirements, even though the reporting verb is updated.

• Only a form that pairs an emotion-bearing reporting verb with the correct third-person pronoun and the backshifted tense satisfies all three requirements together.

Answer: Ram exclaimed with joy that he had scored a goal.