Read the passages given below and answer the questions that follow. The need…
2023
Read the passages given below and answer the questions that follow.
The need for surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an irrational fear of hospitals and anaesthetics. Patients do not often believe they really need surgery— cutting into a part of the body as opposed to treatment with drugs. In the early years of this century, there was little specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable of performing almost every operation that had been devised up to that time. Today the situation is different. Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of fifteen years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves repaired. Clogged blood vessels can be cleaned out and broken ones mended or replaced. A lung, the whole stomach, or even part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a comfortable and satisfactory life. However, not every surgeon wants to, or is qualified to, carry out every type of modern operation.
In modern surgery
Answer: C. you can even remove a portion of the brain — ConceptLiteral-comprehension questions are answered from what the passage explicitly states, not from outside assumptions. A completion must preserve the…
- A.
it is impossible to use drugs
- B.
you cannot operate on the lungs
- C.
you can even remove a portion of the brain
- D.
More than one of the above
- E.
None of the above
Attempted by 1 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Concept
Literal-comprehension questions are answered from what the passage explicitly states, not from outside assumptions. A completion must preserve the passage’s meaning and qualifiers.
Application
Identify the claim to complete: the prompt asks what is possible in modern surgery.
Locate the passage’s direct examples: it says that a lung, the whole stomach, or even part of the brain can be removed while the patient may still live comfortably.
Match the qualifier precisely: “part of the brain” corresponds to “a portion of the brain.”
Contrast
“it is impossible to use drugs” reverses the passage’s contrast between surgery and treatment with drugs; the passage does not say drug use is impossible.
“you cannot operate on the lungs” conflicts with the passage’s example involving removal of a lung.
“More than one of the above” would require at least two supported substantive statements, but the passage supports only the brain-removal statement.
“None of the above” would require every substantive statement to lack support, which is not the case.
Result
The passage supports the completion “you can even remove a portion of the brain.”