Which one of the following is associated with fault?

Concept: A fault is a fracture in rock along which blocks of the crust have moved relative to each other, a product of brittle deformation that creates distinct fault-bounded landforms. Folding, by contrast, is ductile bending of rock layers into arches and troughs with no rupture surface, producing a different family of landforms.

Application: A graben is a down-dropped (depressed) block of crust bounded on both sides by parallel normal faults that dip toward each other; the flanking uplifted blocks are called horsts. A graben is therefore a direct, defining product of faulting.

• Hogback: forms through differential erosion of steeply tilted, alternating resistant and weak rock strata, an erosional response to the existing tilt of the beds.

• Strike valley: eroded along the strike (trend) of a band of weaker rock, governed by bedding orientation and the pattern of erosion.

• Anticlinorium: a large composite upfold made of a series of smaller folds superimposed on one broad arch, produced through compressional folding of continuous strata.

Result: Only the graben's definition requires two parallel fault planes bounding a displaced crustal block, so graben is the option associated with fault.